superlattice
(rus. сверхрешетка)
—
solid-state structure which in addition to the periodic crystal potential has extra potential whose period is much longer than the lattice constant.
Description
In particular, a superlattice can be seen as an ordered structure with alternating objects of similar size and different composition, e.g. elements of high and low density (W/C, Mo/C, Ni/C), semiconductors (AlAs / GaAs), ferromagnetic and nonmagnetic metals (Co-Ni-Cu/Cu), or ferromagnetic F and superconductor S (F/S, where F = Fe, Co, Gd, Ni, and S = Nb, Pb, V), or ordered structure of monodisperse nanoparticles, e.g quantum dots. Due to the fact that objects' size is comparable to the de Broglie electron wavelength, superlattices show the effects of size quantisation of electronic properties.
Illustrations
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(а) Superlattice of CdSe particles with diameter of 3 nm, (b) single CdSe nanoparticle. Author: A. A. Eliseev, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Materials Science.
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Author
- Alexander I. Gusev
Sources
- Gusev A. I. Nanomaterials, Nanostructures, and Nanotechnologies (in Russian) // Fizmatlit, Moscow (2007) - 416 pp.
- Gusev A.I. Rempel A.A. Nanocrystalline Materials. - Cambridge: Cambridge International Science Publishing, 2004. - 351 p.