photonic crystal heterostructure
abbr.,
PCH
(rus. фотонно-кристаллическая гетероструктура abbr., ФКГ)
—
a structure that contains at least two photonic crystals with various photonic band gaps in the optical contact.
Description
Photonic crystal heterostructures (PCH) are generated from two contacting photonic crystals, which differ either in the refractive indices of the components or in the geometry of the photonic crystal lattice. PCH led to creating low-loss waveguides, highest quality factor resonators, high-performance filters, frequency selectors, and polarisation splitters.
PCHs in planar photonic crystals (PCs) are the most well-studied. They consist of optically contacting planar PCs, with the lattice constants being slightly different from each other. A typical difference in PC lattice constants lies in the range of several nanometres. Since if the lattice spacing changes, the position and width of the band gap also changed, there appear new opportunities for photon management. In particular, waveguides and resonators are made of a PC transparent within the operating wavelength, surrounded by another PC with the band gap within the operating wavelength.
PCHs in planar photonic crystals (PCs) are the most well-studied. They consist of optically contacting planar PCs, with the lattice constants being slightly different from each other. A typical difference in PC lattice constants lies in the range of several nanometres. Since if the lattice spacing changes, the position and width of the band gap also changed, there appear new opportunities for photon management. In particular, waveguides and resonators are made of a PC transparent within the operating wavelength, surrounded by another PC with the band gap within the operating wavelength.
Author
- Oleg E. Nanii
Sources
- Istrate E., Sargent E.H. Photonic crystal heterostructures and interfaces // Reviews of Modern Physics. April–June 2006. V. 78. P. 455.
- Noda S. Photonic Crystal Technologies: Experiment // Optical Fiber Telecommunications / Ed. by I. P. Kaminow, T. Li, A. E. Willner. 5th-ed. — Academic Press, 2008. — 944 p.